Crushing-machine



W. K. LIGGETT.

CRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLlcATlYoN FILED 1AN.5,1917.

l ,358 ,005. Patented Nov. 9, 1920.

A T TOR/VE V.

.UNITED @STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM K. LIGrG'E'.l."I,v OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGI'OIR TO THE JFFREY MANUFAC- TUBING- OOMIANY, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, .A CORPORATION F OHIO.

cnUsHING-Mncmnn Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Nome, 1920.

Application led January v5, 1917. Serial No. 140,753.

T0 all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM K. Lreenfr'r,

cation and illustrated in the accompanying drawings of Which-'- a citizen ofthe United States, residing at\\ Figure l is a side elevation of a machine Columbus, in the county of Franklin and the State of J Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Crushing- Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had thereinto. the

j accompanying drawing.

The present invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in crushing machines, and especially to that class of crushing machines in. which the material to be crushed is engaged between the opposing faces of two oppositely disposed crushing jaws one of which has a vibratory motion relative to the other.

. In machines of this class -the maximum dimensions of the fragments towhich the material is crushed bears a direct relation to the width of the throat between the crushing jaws through which the material must pass. Furthermore, when thematerial to be crushed is friable and inelastic, the crushing operation-is best effected by a relatively small movement of the crushing jaws, but when material that is softer or more elastic is to be crushed the movement of the crushing jaw must be sufficient to produce a distortion in the mass of material exceeding the limit of its elasticity.

Crushing machines have heretofore been produced including devices whereby the width of the throat between the crushing jaws, and the amplitude of their relative movement, might be adjusted to adapt the machine to crush materials of different characteristics or to crush such materials to different degrees of iineness. In machines of this character, however, with which I am familiar, these adjusting devices are inconvenient and inaccessible, requiring the partial dismantling of the .machine to effect their manipulation.

It is the especial object of this invention to provide, in a machine of the class described, improved means `whereby the parts may be conveniently adjusted for variations in the character of the material to be crushed and the ineness of the product, without discontinuing the operation of the machine.

The devices by which I attain this object are fully set forth in the following specifi- 'cal longitudinal plane of the machine illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. *I

Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view 0f the movable crushing jaw.

Fig. 5`is a fragmentary section along the line 5 5 of Fig. 3 showing a preferred arrangement of the crushing jaws.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing a modifica-tionl of the crushing jaws.

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are diagrams illustrating the method of adjustment of the movement of the crushing jaw.

Like numerals refer to similar parts in the several figures.

As illustrated in the drawings, this machine is mounted in a unitary cast metal frame comprising the side walls 1 and the end walls 2 and 3. On the side walls 1 are formed foot flanges 4 adapted to rest upon a suitable foundation, provision bein-g made for attachment thereto by suitable anchor bolts 5. Attached to the end frame 2 is the stationary crushing jaw consisting of a hard metal plate 6 the beveled ends of which are securely clamped between the fiange 7 and the clamping member 8. The movable jaw is a similar hard metal plate 9 with beveled ends engaging the flange 10 and clamping member 11 by which it is securely attached to the pendulum casting 12.v The plates 6 and 9 converge downwardly to form a hopper adapted to receive the material to be crushed. Formed at the upper end of the pendulum casting 12 is a journal bearing t3 rotatably mounted upon a cross shaft 14, the ends of which are supported in the apertures of the bosses 15 of the side frame. In the upper part of theside frames 1 are formed apertures 16 into which are tted sleeves 17 which constitute bearings for the eccentric `shaft 18.l To the projecting end of the shaft movement caused by the rotation of the eccentric 20 with the shaft 18. The proportion of parts is such that when assembling the machine the shaft 18 together with the eccentric. 20 may be inserted endwise through the apertures 16 and the bearing sleeves 17 afterward put into place, therebyavoidrng the necessity for dividing the bearings wlth the accompanying complication of the structure. At the lower end of the pltman 21 are oppositely disposed seats 22 in which bear the adjacent ends of the toggle levers 23 and 24. The outer ends of the toggle levers 23 engage a similar seat 25 in the pendulum casting 12, and the outer end of the toggle lever 24 engages the seat 26 in the abutment block 27. The abutment block 27 .is supported upon pendulum rods 28 which extend through apertures 29n in the iange 29 of the machine frame and are fitted at their lower ends with screw nuts 30 affording means to vertically adjust the abutment block. At their upper ends the pendulum rods 28 are provided with heads or nuts 28EL between which and the flange 29 are inter posed washers 28b having convex lower surfaces upon which the rods 28 may rock. rI`he ends of the abutment block 27 project beyond 4the sides of the frame casting and are provided with apertures through .which extends the tension rods 31 which hold the thrust of the toggle levers 23 and 24.`

Formed in the end walls 2 of the machine frame is a projection 32 having an aperture in which is mounted a cross shaft 33 the extended ends of which engage the eyes 3L1=`of the tension rods 31. Suitable screw nuts 35 fitted to the tension rods 31 afford means for horizontally adjusting the position of the abutment block 27 zldy the adjustment of the nuts 30 and 35 the abutment block 27 may be moved both vertically and horizontally to adjust the width of the throat between the j awsv 6 and 9 to produce products of different degrees of fineness and to vary the amplitude of vibrations of the pendulum 12 to adapt the machine t0 the crushing of the materials of different character, as will be more fully hereinafter explained.

Pivotally attached to the pendulum casting 12 is a rod 36 which extends rearwardly through an aperture in the wall 3 of the machine frame and is fitted with suitable nuts 37 between which and the walll 3 is positioned a compression spring 38, the pressure of which tends to draw the movablejaw 9 away from the stationary jaw 6. When now the shaft 18 revolves the eccentric 20 causes the pitman 21 to oscillate vertically thereby alternately moving the abutting ends of the toggle levers 23 and 2 4 transversely of a straight line connecting the seats 25 and 26. Ateach straightening out of the toggle levers the jaw 9 is pushed toward the jaw 6,

a distance depending on the degree of deviation of the toggle levers from the said straight line, to exert a crushing pressure upon any body which may be between the opposing faces of the jaws. At each deflection of the toggle levers from the said straight lines the spring 38 draws the jaw 9 away from the jaw 6 to allow the material between the jaws to move downward in the inter-jaw space to be a ain crushed by the next movement of the pltman.

Such material as limestone and shale often contains broad slabs no thicker than thewidth of the throat between thelower ends of the crushing jaw. I have, therefore, provided crushing jaws of a'n improved form by which the passage of such slabs uncrushed through the machine is prevented, without, at the same time, interfering with the regular downward'movement of the material between the jaws. lAt their upper edges 39 the surfaces of these crushing jaws lie in straight transverse lines, while at the lower edges 40 their surfaces lie in sinuous transverse lines, all longitudinal lines being straight and the adjacent surfaces of the plates complementary of each other. The simplest form of this jaw plate is illustrated in Fig. 6. In order that the material may be more positively engaged by thecrushing jaws, I have superimposed upon the sinuous surface above described longitudinal corruations 41 the lines of which are straight rom top to bottom of the plates. By this formation ofthe plates the throat between the lower ends of the crushing jaws'is given a sinuosity exceeding the .maximum width ofthe throat, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6,v

without obstructing the hopper formed at the upper 4parts of the jaws, or interfering with the' `downward movement of material between the jaws.

In Figs. 7 8 and 9 I have shown diagrammaticallythe effect of vertical adjustment ofthe abutment block 27 upon the movement of the movable jaw 9. In Fig. 7 the abutment block is so placed that. a straight line joining the seats 25 and 26 passes through the center of the path of travel of the toggle seats 22. As a result the distance from 25 to 26 will be the same at both endsk ofthe travel `of the pitman and there will be no material movement of the jaw 9. In Fig. 8 the abutment block'has been lowered so that the line 25-26 passes below the center of the path of travel of the toggle seats 22 Vwith the result that the distance 25%-26 will be less than the distance'25-26, producing a movement of the jaw 9 from 25"L to 25. In Fig. 9 the abutment block .has been still further lowered, so. that the line 25-26 falls below the limit of the path of travel of the toggle seats 22, the result being a still greater movement of the jaw 9 pfrom 25b to 25.

It is, of coursejiapparent that vmovements of the nuts 35 relative to the rods 31 will directly vary the width of the throat between the plates 6 and 9, thereby varying the size of the fragments which may be passed between them. VAs the nuts 30 and 35 are accessible during', the operation 4ness in the crushing of material of different degrees of hardness to de rees of lineness.

1. In a crusher of. the class described, the combination of a stationary crushing jaw and a movable crushing jaw, a pitman adapted tov longitudinal oscillation, means to oscillate the'pitman, a tog le lever between the pitman and the movale jaw, a second toggle lever betweenA the pit'- man and an abutment, a pendulum upon which said abutment may swing, and tension rods to hold said abutment against the thrust of the toggle leviers.

'2. In a Crusher' of the class described, the combination of a stationary crushing jaw and a movable crushmg jaw,

products of diierent a pitman adapted to longitudinal oscilla.

tion, means to oscillate the pitman, a tog le lever between the pitman and the mova le jaw, a second toggle lever between the pit'- man and an abutment, a longitudinally adjustable pendulum upon which said abutment my swing, and tension rods to hold said abutment against the thrust of the toggle levers.

3. In a crusher of the class described, the combination of a stationary crushing jaw and a movable crushing jaw, a pitman adapted to longitudinal oscillation, means to oscllate the pitman, a toggle lever between the pitman and the movable jaw, a second toggle lever between the pitman and an abutment, a longitudinally adjustable pendulum upon which said abutment may swing, and longitudinally adjustable tension rods to hold said abutment against the thrust of the toggle levers.

4. In a crusher of the class described, the combination with a stationary crushing jaw and a movable crus'hingjaw, a pitman adapted to longitudinal oscillation, means to oscillate the pitman, a toggle lever between the pitman and the movable jaw, a second toggle lever between the pitman and an abutment, a pendulum upon which said abutment ma swing, means outside the frame of the Vmac ine to adjust the length of said pendulum, and tension rods to hold said abutment against the thrust of the toggle levers. l l' 5. In a Crusher of the class described, the combination of astationary crushingj aw and a movable crushing jaw, apitman adapted to longitudinal oscillation, means to oscillate the pitman, a toggle lever between the pitman and the movable jaw, a second toggle lever between the pitman and an abutment, a pendulum upon which said abutment may swing, tension rods to hold said abutments against the thrust of the toggle levers, and means outside the frame of the machine to adjust the effective length of vsaid tension rods.

6. In a crusher of the class described, the combination of a stationary crushing jaw and a movable crushing jaw, a pitman adapted to longitudinal oscillation, means to oscillate the pitman, a toggle lever between the pitman and the mova le jaw, a second toggle lever between the pitman and an abutment, pivotally mounted supports upon which said abutment may swing for horizontal adjustment, pivotally mounted, supports upon which said abutment may swing for vertical adjustment, and means to adjust the radial length of said supports relative to their respective pivots.

7. In a crusher of the class described, the combination of a stationary crushing jaw and a movable crushingj aw, a pitman adapt ed to longitudinal oscillation, means to oscillate the pitman, a toggle lever between the pitman and the mova le jaw, a second toggle lever between the pitman and an abutment, pivotally. mounted supports upon which said abutnlcnt may swing for horizontal adjustment, pivotally mounted supports upon which said abutment may swlng for vertical adjustment, and means outside the frame of the machine to adjust the radial length of said supports relative to their respective pivots.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

DUDLBY T. FISHER, HARRY C. DEAN.

soV 

